legal instruments | Full redress for Iraq now

War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity,

Genocide, and Terrorism

Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court,

2187 U.N.T.S. 90, entered into force July 1, 2002.

Arabic || Japanese || Russian || Spanish || Chinese

Coalition for the International Criminal Court

Ratification information

Control Council Law No. 10, Punishment of Persons Guilty of War Crimes, Crimes Against Peace and Against Humanity,

3 Official Gazette Control Council for Germany 50-55 (1946).

Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity,

G.A. Res. 2391, U.N. GAOR, 23d Sess., Supp. No. 18, at 40, U.N. Doc. A/7218 (1968), entered into force Nov. 11, 1970.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Ratification information

Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide,78 U.N.T.S. 277, entered into force Jan. 12, 1951.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Japanese || Russian || Spanish || Korean

Ratification information

Convention with Respect to the Laws and Customs of War on Land (Hague, II) (29 July 1899), entered into force September 4, 1900.

Convention Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land

(Hague IV) (18 October, 1907), entered into force January 26, 1910.

Statute of the International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991,

U.N. Doc. S/25704 at 36, annex (1993) and S/25704/Add.1 (1993), adopted by Security Council on 25 May 1993, U.N. Doc. S/RES/827 (1993).

Statute of the International Tribunal,

adopted by S.C. Res. 827, U.N. SCOR, 48th Sess., 3217th mtg. at 6, U.N. Doc. S/RES/827 (1993), 32 I.L.M. 1203 (1993).

Chinese

Statute of the International Tribunal for Rwanda,

adopted by S.C. Res. 955, U.N. SCOR, 49th Sess., 3453d mtg. at 3, U.N. Doc. S/RES/955 (1994), 33 I.L.M. 1598, 1600 (1994).

International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, Rules of Procedure and Evidence,

U.N. Doc. ITR/3/REV.1 (1995), entered into force 29 June 1995.

Nuremberg Rules, in Agreement for the Prosecution and Punishment of the Major War Criminals of the European Axis,

82 U.N.T.S. 279, entered into force Aug. 8, 1945.

Japanese || Russian

Principles of International Co-Operation in the Detection, Arrest, Extradition and Punishment of Persons Guilty of War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity,

G.A. res. 3074 (XXVIII), 28 U.N. GAOR Supp. (30A) at 78, U.N. Doc. A/9030/Add.1 (1973).

Arabic || Russian || Chinese

Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law,

C.H.R. res. 2005/35, U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/2005/ L.10/Add.11 (19 April 2005).

Chinese

The Princeton Principles on Universal Jurisdiction 28,
Princeton University Program in Law and Public Affairs (2001).

International Criminal Court, Elements of Crimes,

U.N. Doc. PCNICC/2000/1/Add.2 (2000).

Arabic || French || Spanish || Chinese

International Criminal Court, Rules of Procedure and Evidence,

U.N. Doc. PCNICC/2000/1/Add.1 (2000).

Arabic || French || Spanish || Arabic || Russian || Chinese

International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism,

G.A. Res. 109, U.N. GAOR, 54th Sess., Supp. No. 49, U.N. Doc A/54/49 (Vol. I) (1999), S. Treaty Doc. No. 106-49 (2000), 39 I.L.M. 270 (2000),adopted 9 Dec. 1999, entered into force 10 Apr. 2002.

Chinese || Japanese || Russian || Spanish

Ratification information

European Committee of Ministers, Guidelines on human rights and the fight against terrorism (2002).

Law of Armed Conflict

Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field, 75 U.N.T.S. 31, entered into force Oct. 21, 1950. Arabic \|\| Chinese \|\| French \|\| Japanese \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish Ratification information
Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea, 75 U.N.T.S. 85, entered into force Oct. 21, 1950. Arabic \|\| Chinese \|\| French \|\| Japanese \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish Ratification information
Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, 75 U.N.T.S. 135, entered into force Oct. 21, 1950. Arabic \|\| Chinese \|\| French \|\| Japanese \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish Ratification information
Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, 75 U.N.T.S. 287, entered into force Oct. 21, 1950. Arabic \|\| Chinese \|\| French \|\| Japanese \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish Ratification information
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 1125 U.N.T.S. 3, entered into force Dec. 7, 1978. Arabic \|\| French \|\| Japanese \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish Ratification information
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II), 1125 U.N.T.S. 609, entered into force Dec. 7, 1978. Arabic \|\| French \|\| Japanese \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish Ratification information
Protocol additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the adoption of an additional distinctive emblem (Protocol III), Dec. 8, 2005.
Hague Conventions
Resolutions of the Geneva International Conference, Geneva, October 26-29, 1863.
Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field, 18 Martens Nouveau Recueil (ser. 1) 607, 129 Consol. T.S. 361, entered into force June 22, 1865. Ratification information
Additional Articles relating to the Condition of the Wounded in War, 18 Martens Nouveau Recueil (ser.1) 612, 138 Consol. T.S. 189. Ratification information
Declaration Renouncing the Use, in Time of War, of certain Explosive Projectiles, 18 Martens Nouveau Recueil (ser. 1) 474, 138 Consol. T.S. 297, entered into force November 29/December 11, 1868. Japanese \|\| Russian Ratification information
Project of an International Declaration Concerning the Laws and Customs of War, Aug. 27, 1874, 4 Martens Nouveau Recueil (ser. 2) 219, 65 BRIT. FOREIGN & ST. PAPERS 1005 (1873-74).
The Laws of War on Land, Manual published by the Institute of International Law (Oxford Manual), Adopted by the Instutute of International Law at Oxford, September 9, 1880.
Final Act Of the International Peace Conference, 26 Martens Nouveau Recueil (ser. 2) 258. Ratification information
Declaration (XIV) Prohibiting the Discharge of Projectiles and Explosives from Balloons, The Hague, 3 Martens Nouveau Recueil (ser. 3) 745, 205 Consol. T.S. 403,entered into force Nov. 27, 1909. Ratification information
Final Protocol to the Naval Conference of London, 208 Consol. T.S. 338 (1909). Ratification information
Declaration concerning the Laws of Naval War, 208 Consol. T.S. 338 (1909). Ratification information
Convention for the Exemption of Hospital Ships, in Time of War, from The Payment of all Dues and Taxes Imposed for the Benefit of the State, 2 Martens Nouveau Recueil (ser. 3) 213, 197 Consol. T.S. 331, entered into force March 26, 1907. Ratification information
Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armies in the Field, 11 L.N.T.S. 440, entered into force August 9, 1907. No longer in force. Ratification information
Additional Protocol to the Convention relative to the Establishment of an International Prize Court, 7 Marten Nouveau Recueil (ser. 3) 73, 212 Consol. T.S. 173 (1910). Ratification information
Manual of the Laws of Naval War, Oxford, Adopted by the International Institute of International Law, August 9, 1913.
Treaty relating to the Use of Submarines and Noxious Gases in Warfare, Washington, 25 L.N.T.S. 202 (1922). Ratification information
Rules concerning the Control of Wireless Telegraphy in Time of War and Air Warfare, Drafted by a Commission of Jurists at the Hague, December 1922 – February 1923. Japanese
Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, Geneva, 94 L.N.T.S. 65, entered into force Feb. 8, 1928. Japanese \|\| Russian Ratification information
Convention on Duties and Rights of States in the Event of Civil Strife, 134 L.N.T.S. 45, entered into force May 21, 1929.
Convention on Maritime Neutrality, 135 L.N.T.S. 187, entered into force Jan. 21, 1931. Ratification information
Final Act of the Diplomatic Conference, Geneva, July 27, 1929. Ratification information
Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armies in the Field, 118 L.N.T.S. 303, entered into force June 19, 1931. Ratification information
Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, 118 L.N.T.S. 343, entered into force June 19, 1931. Ratification information
Treaty for the Limitation and Reduction of Naval Armaments, (Part IV, Art. 22, relating to submarine warfare), 112 L.N.T.S. 65, entered into force Dec. 31, 1930. Japanese Ratification information
First draft Convention adopted in Monaco (Sanitary cities and localities), July 27, 1934.
Draft International Convention on the Condition and Protection of Civilians of enemy nationality who are on territory belonging to or occupied by a belligerent, Tokyo, 1934.
Treaty on the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and Historic Monuments (Roerich Pact), 167 L.N.T.S. 289, entered into force Aug. 26, 1935. Russian Ratification information
Procès-verbal relating to the Rules of Submarine Warfare set forth in Part IV of the Treaty of London of 22 April 1930, 173 L.N.T.S. 353, entered into force Nov. 6, 1936. Ratification information
The Nyon Agreement, 181 L.N.T.S. 137, entered into force Sept. 14, 1937. Ratification information
Agreement supplementary to The Nyon Agreement, 181 L.N.T.S. 137, entered into force Sept. 17, 1937. Ratification information
Draft Convention for the Protection of Civilian Populations Against New Engines of War, Amsterdam, 1938.
Agreement for the Prosecution and Punishment of the Major War Criminals of the European Axis, and Charter of the International Military Tribunal, 82 U.N.T.S. 280, entered into force Aug. 8, 1945. Ratification information
Affirmation of the Principles of International Law Recognized by the Charter of the Nürnberg Tribunal, G.A. Res. 95 (I), U.N. GAOR, 1st Sess., pt. 2, at 1144, U.N. Doc. A/236 (1946). Russian
Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, 75 U.N.T.S. 287, entered into force Oct. 21, 1950. Russian Ratification information
Resolutions of the Diplomatic Conference, 75 U.N.T.S. 21, Aug. 12, 1949.
Principles of International Law Recognized in the Charter of the Nüremberg Tribunal and in the Judgment of the Tribunal, U.N. Doc. A/CN.4/Ser.A/1950/Add.1 (1950). Russian
Final Act of the Intergovernmental Conference on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, 249 U.N.T.S. 216, May 14, 1954. Ratification information
Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, 249 U.N.T.S. 240, entered into force Aug. 7, 1956. Japanese \|\| Russian Ratification information
Protocol for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, 249 U.N.T.S. 358, entered into force Aug. 7, 1956. Russian Ratification information
Resolutions of the Intergovernmental Conference on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, The Hague, 14 May 1954.
Draft Rules for the Limitation of the Dangers incurred by the Civilian Population in Time of War, New Delhi, 1957.
Protocol to the Convention on Duties and Rights of States in the Event of Civil Strife, Opened for signature on 1st May 1957.
Human Rights in Armed Conflicts. Resolution XXIII adopted by the International Conference on Human Rights, Teheran, 12 May 1968.
Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity, 754 U.N.T.S. 73, 8 I.L.M. 68, entered into force Nov. 11, 1970. Ratification information
Declaration on Respect for Human Rights in Armed Conflicts, G.A. Res. 2444 (XXIII), U.N. GAOR, 23rd Sess., Supp. No. 18, at 164, U.N. Doc. A/7433 (1968).
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction, Apr. 10, 1972, 26 U.S.T. 583, 1015 U.N.T.S. 163, entered into force Mar. 25, 1975. Russian Ratification information
European Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to Crimes against Humanity and War Crimes, ETS 82, 13 I.L.M. 540, Jan. 25, 1974, not in force. Russian Ratification information
Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques, G.A.Res. 72, 31st Sess., Supp. No. 39, at 36, U.N.Doc. A/31/39 (1977),entered into force Oct. 5, 1978. Russian Ratification information
Final Act of the Diplomatic Conference of Geneva of 1974-1977. Ratification information
Resolutions of the Diplomatic Conference of Geneva of 1974-1977.
Convention of the OAU for the Elimination of Mercenarism in Africa, O.A.U. Doc. CM/433/Rev. L. Annex 1 (1972), entered into force April 22, 1985. Ratification information
Resolution on Small-Calibre Weapon Systems, Geneva, 28 September 1979.
Final Act of the United Nations Conference on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects, 19 I.L.M. 1523, Oct. 10 1980.
Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects, 1342 U.N.T.S. 137, 19 I.L.M. 1524, entered into force Dec. 2, 1983. Japanese \|\| Russian Ratification information
Protocol on Non-Detectable Fragments (Protocol I), 1342 U.N.T.S. 168, 19 I.L.M. 1529, entered into force Dec. 2, 1983. Japanese \|\| Russian Ratification information
Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which may be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects and Protocols, U.N. Doc. A/Conf.95/15, Annex I (1980), entered into force Dec. 2, 1983. Ratification information
Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps and Other Devices (Protocol II), 1342 U.N.T.S. 168, 19 I.L.M. 1529, entered into force Dec. 2, 1983; as amended May 3, 1996, 35 I.L.M. 1206. Japanese \|\| Russian Ratification information
Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Incendiary Weapons (Protocol III), 1342 U.N.T.S. 171, 19 I.L.M. 1534, entered into force Dec. 2, 1983. Russian Ratification information
Protocol on Explosive Remnants of War, U.N. Doc. CCW/MSP/2003/2 (Nov. 27, 2003), entered into force May 16, 2006.
European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and inhuman or Degrading treatment or Punishment, ETS 126, 27 I.L.M. 1152, entered into force Feb. 1, 1989. Ratification information
The International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing, and Training of Mercenaries, G.A. Res. 34, U.N. GAOR, 44th Sess., Supp. No. 43, at 590, U.N. Doc. A/44/43 (1989), 29 I.L.M. 91, not in force. Ratification information
International Law Institute, The Protection of Human Rights and the Principle of Non-Intervention in Internal Affairs of States, 63 Institut de Droit International Annuaire 338 (1989).
Declaration on the Rules of international humanitarian law governing the conduct of hostilities in non-international armed conflicts, San Remo, 7 April 1990.
Declaration of Minimum Humanitarian Standards, reprinted in Report of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities on its Forty-sixth Session, Commission on Human Rights, 51st Sess., Provisional Agenda Item 19, at 4, U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/1995/116 (1995) (Declaration of Turku).
Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law, C.H.R. res. 2005/35, U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/2005/ L.10/Add.11 (19 April 2005).
Definition of Aggression, United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3314 (XXIX). Japanese
Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, G.A. res. 255, Nov. 15, 2000, U.N. Doc. A/RES/55/255 (2001), not yet entered into force.
Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development, Geneva, 7 June 2006. French
Additional links to Laws of Armed Conflict websites: The Laws of War Program on Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research, Harvard University Crimes of War

United Nations Documents and Instruments

U.N. CHARTER,

June 26, 1945, 59 Stat. 1031, T.S. 993, 3 Bevans 1153, entered into forceOct. 24, 1945.

Arabic || Korean

Declarations of acceptance of Charter obligations

Declaration on Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,

G.A. res. 2625, Annex, 25 UN GAOR, Supp. (No. 28), U.N. Doc. A/5217 at 121 (1970).

The International Bill of Human Rights

Universal Declaration of Human Rights,

G.A. res. 217A (III), U.N. Doc A/810 at 71 (1948).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish || Korean || Japanese

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,

G.A. res. 2200A (XXI), 21 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 16) at 49,

U.N. Doc. A/6316 (1966), 993 U.N.T.S. 3, entered into force Jan. 3, 1976.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Japanese || Russian || Spanish ||

Dari || Korean

Ratification information

Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,

G.A. res. 63/117 (2008).

Ratification information

Open-Ended Working Group on an Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Draft Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,

U.N. Doc. A/HRC/8/WG.4/3 (Apr. 4, 2008).

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,

G.A. res. 2200A (XXI), 21 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 16) at 52,

U.N. Doc. A/6316 (1966), 999 U.N.T.S. 171, entered into force Mar. 23, 1976.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Japanese || Russian || Spanish ||

Dari || Korean

Ratification information

Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,

G.A. res. 2200A (XXI), 21 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 16) at 59, U.N. Doc. A/6316 (1966), 999 U.N.T.S. 302, entered into force March 23, 1976.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Japanese || Russian || Spanish || Korean

Ratification information

Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty,

G.A. res. 44/128, annex, 44 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 207, U.N. Doc. A/44/49 (1989), entered into force July 11, 1991.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Japanese || Russian || Spanish || Korean

Ratification information

United Nations, Economic and Social Council, Siracusa Principles on the Limitation and Derogation Provisions in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,

U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/1985/4, Annex (1985).

Arabic and Islamic Instruments

Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights,

adopted by the Islamic Council of Europe on 19 September 1981/21 Dhul Qaidah 1401.

Council of the League of Arab States, Arab Charter on Human Rights, September 15, 1994, reprinted in 18 Hum. Rts. L.J. 151 (1997).

League of Arab States, Arab Charter on Human Rights, May 22, 2004,reprinted in 12 Int’l Hum. Rts. Rep. 893 (2005), entered into force March 15, 2008.

Council of the League of Arab States, Arab Charter on Human Rights, May 23, 2004

Self-Determination

Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, G.A. res. 1514 (XV), 15 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 16) at 66, U.N. Doc. A/4684 (1961). Arabic \|\| French \|\| Japanese \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish
Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources, G.A. res. 1803 (XVII), 17 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No.17) at 15, U.N. Doc. A/5217 (1962). Arabic \|\| French \|\| Japanese \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish

Prevention of Discrimination on the Basis of Race, Religion or Belief; and Protection of Minorities

International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination,

660 U.N.T.S. 195, entered into force Jan. 4, 1969.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Japanese || Russian || Spanish || Korean

Ratification information

Declaration on Race and Racial Prejudice,

E/CN.4/Sub.2/1982/2/Add.1, annex V (1982).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Declaration on Fundamental Principles concerning the Contribution to the Mass Media to Strengthening Peace and International Understanding, to the Promotion of Human Rights and to Countering Racialism, Apartheid and Incitement to War, adopted by the UNESCO General Conference at its twentieth session,

Paris, 22 November 1978, UNESCO’s Standard-Setting Instruments, IV.C. (1994).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief,

G.A. res. 36/55, 36 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 51) at 171, U.N. Doc. A/36/684 (1981).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious or Linguistic Minorities,

G.A. res. 47/135, annex, 47 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 210, U.N. Doc. A/47/49 (1993).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

U.N. Educ., Sci., & Cultural Org. [UNESCO], Declaration of Principles on

Tolerance,

Gen. Conf. Res. 5.61, UNESCO Doc. 28 C/Res. 5.61 (Nov. 16, 1995).

International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid,

G.A. res. 3068 (XXVIII)), 28 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 30) at 75, U.N. Doc. A/9030 (1974), 1015 U.N.T.S. 243, entered into force July 18, 1976.

Korean

Ratification information

International Convention Against Apartheid in Sports,

G.A. Res. 40/64, U.N. GAOR, 40th Sess. Supp. No. 53, at 37, U.N. Doc. A/40/53 (1985), 1500 U.N.T.S. 161, entered into force April 3, 1988.

Ratification information

World Conference Against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance, Programme of Action, Agenda item 9, adopted on September 8, 2001 in Durban South Africa,

U.N. Doc. A/CONF.189/5 (2001).

Japanese || Russian || Spanish

Report of the World Conference Against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance,

U.N. Doc. A/ CONF.189/12 (2001).

Russian || Spanish

The Foundation on Inter-Ethnic Relations, The Lund Recommendations on the Effective Participation of National Minorities in Public Life & Explanatory Note (1999).

Foundation on Inter-Ethnic Relations, Oslo Recommendations Regarding the Linguistic Rights of National Minorities & Explanatory Note (1998).

Foundation on Inter-Ethnic Relations, Hague Recommendations Regarding the Education Rights of National Minorities & Explanatory Note (1996).

International Panel of Experts in International Human Rights Law and on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, Principles on the Application of International Human Rights Law in relation to Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity [Yogyakarta Principles] (2006).

Español

Women’s Human Rights

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women,

G.A. res. 34/180, 34 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 46) at 193, U.N. Doc. A/34/46, entered into force Sept. 3, 1981.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Japanese || Russian || Spanish || Korean

Ratification information

Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women,

G.A. res. 54/4, annex, 54 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 5, U.N. Doc. A/54/49 (Vol. I) (2000), entered into force Dec. 22, 2000.

Arabic || Japanese || Russian || Spanish || Korean

Ratification information

Convention on the Political Rights of Women,

193 U.N.T.S. 135, entered into force July 7, 1954.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Ratification information

Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa,

Adopted by the 2nd Ordinary Session of the Assembly of the Union, Maputo, CAB/LEG/66.6 (Sept. 13, 2000); reprinted in 1 Afr. Hum. Rts. L.J. 40, entered into force Nov. 25, 2005.

French

Ratification information

Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict,

G.A. res. 3318 (XXIX), 29 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 31) at 146, U.N. Doc. A/9631 (1974).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women, G.A. res. 48/104, 48 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 217, U.N. Doc. A/48/49 (1993).

French || Japanese || Russian || Spanish

Beijing Declaration and Platform of Action,

A/CONF.177/20 (1995) and A/CONF.177/20/Add.1 (1995).

French || Japanese || Russian || Spanish

Further Actions and Initiatives to Implement the Beijing Declaration and

Platform for Action,

G.A. Res. 23/10 (special session), U.N. Doc. A/RES/S-23/3 (Nov. 16, 2000).

Follow-up to the 4th World Conference on Women and Full Implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and the Outcome of the 23rd special session of the General Assembly,

G.A. Res. 60/140, U.N. Doc. A/RES/60/140 (Feb. 7, 2006).

Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, G.A. res. 55/25, annex I, 55 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 44, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol. I) (2001).

Arabic || French || Russian || Spanish

Protocol to Prevent, Supress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime,

G.A. res. 55/25, annex II, 55 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 60, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol.I) (2001).

Arabic || French || Russian || Spanish

Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime,

G.A. res. 55/25, annex III, 55 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 65, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol. I) (2001).

Arabic || French || Russian

Inter-American Convention on the Granting of Civil Rights to Women, 1438 U.N.T.S. 51, entered into force March 17, 1949.

Spanish

Inter-American Convention on the Granting of Political Rights of Women, 1438 U.N.T.S. 63, entered into force March 17, 1949.

Spanish

Inter-American Convention on the Nationality of Women, O.A.S. Treaty Series No. 4, 38, entered into force Aug. 29, 1934.

Spanish

Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment, and Eradication of Violence Against Women,

33 I.L.M. 1534 (1994), entered into force March 5, 1995.

Ratification information || Informacion acerca de la ratificacion

The Human Rights of Women: A Reference Guide to official United Nations Documents

French || Spanish

United Nations High Commissioner For Human Rights Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Trafficking,

E/2002/68/Add.1 (2002).

Office of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Guidelines on International Protection: Gender-Related Persecution within the Context of Article 1a(2) of the 1951 Convention and Its 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees,

U.N. Doc. HCR/GIP/02/01 (2002).

[WORD]

Slavery and Slavery-Like Practices

Slavery, Servitude, Forced Labour and Similar Institutions and Practices Convention of 1926 (Slavery Convention of 1926),

60 L.N.T.S. 253, entered into force March 9, 1927.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Ratification information

International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women of Full Age,

Oct. 11, 1933, 150 L.N.T.S., entered into force Aug. 24, 1934.

Protocol amending the Slavery Convention,

182 U.N.T.S. 51, entered into force December 7, 1953.

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Ratification information

Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery,

226 U.N.T.S. 3, entered into force April 30, 1957.

Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Ratification information

Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others, 96 U.N.T.S. 271, entered into force July 25, 1951.

Russian || Spanish

Ratification information

United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime,

G.A. res. 55/25, annex I, 55 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 44, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol. I), not in force.

Arabic || French || Spanish

Ratification information

Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime, G.A. Res. 25, annex II, U.N. GAOR, 55th Sess., Supp. No. 49, at 60, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol. I) (2001), entered into force Dec.25, 2003.

Arabic || French || Spanish

Ratification information

Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Crime,

G.A. Res. 55/25, annex III, U.N. GAOR, 55th Sess., Supp. No. 49, at 65, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol. I) (2001), entered into force Jan. 28, 2004.

Arabic || French || Spanish

Ratification information

International Agreement for the Suppression of the “White Slave Traffic”,18 May 1904, 35 Stat. 1979, 1 L.N.T.S. 83, entered into force 18 July 1905.

Ratification information

International Convention for the Suppression of the “White Slave Traffic”,May 4, 1910, 211 Consol. T.S. 45, 1912 GR. Brit. T.S. No. 20, as amended by Protocol Amending the International Agreement for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, and Amending the International Convention for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, May 4, 1949, 2 U.S.T. 1999, 30 U.N.T.S. 23, entered into force June 21, 1951.

Ratification information

Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the

Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor

(ILO No. 182), 2133 U.N.T.S.

161, entered into force Nov. 19, 2000.

UNICEF Guidelines for the Protection of the Rights of Children Victims

Trafficking in Southeastern Europe (2003).

Inter-American Convention on International Traffic in Minors,

Mar. 18, 1994, OEA/Ser.K/XXI.5, CIDIP-V/doc.36/94 rev. 5, 79 O.A.S.T.S., 33 I.L.M. 721 (1994).

United Nations High Commissioner For Human Rights Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Trafficking,

E/2002/68/Add.1 (2002).

WHO Ethical and Safety Recommendations for Interviewing Trafficked Women (2003).

Trafficking and Human Rights

Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others,

96 U.N.T.S. 271, entered into force July 25, 1951.

Russian || Spanish

Ratification information

Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime,

G.A. Res. 25, annex II, U.N. GAOR, 55th Sess., Supp. No. 49, at 60, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol. I) (2001), entered into force Dec.25, 2003.

Arabic || French || Spanish

Ratification information

Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Crime,

G.A. Res. 55/25, annex III, U.N. GAOR, 55th Sess., Supp. No. 49, at 65, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol. I) (2001), entered into force Jan. 28, 2004.

Arabic || French || Spanish || Current ratifications available from U.N. site

Brussels Declaration on Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Human Beings

Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings

Recommendation No. R (2000) 11 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on action against trafficking in human beings for the purpose of sexual exploitation

Council framework decision on combating trafficking in human beings

International Agreement for the Suppression of the “White Slave Traffic,”18 May 1904, 35 Stat. 1979, 1 L.N.T.S. 83, entered into force 18 July 1905.

ratification information

International Convention for the Suppression of the “White Slave Traffic,”May 4, 1910, 211 Consol. T.S. 45, 1912 GR. Brit. T.S. No. 20, as amended by Protocol Amending the International Agreement for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, and Amending the International Convention for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, May 4, 1949, 2 U.S.T. 1999, 30 U.N.T.S. 23, entered into force June 21, 1951.

Current ratifications available by U.N. subscription

UNICEF Guidelines for the Protection of the Rights of Children Victims

Trafficking in Southeastern Europe (2003).

Inter-American Convention on International Traffic in Minors,

Mar. 18, 1994, OEA/Ser.K/XXI.5, CIDIP-V/doc.36/94 rev. 5, 79 O.A.S.T.S., 33 I.L.M. 721 (1994).

United Nations High Commissioner For Human Rights Principles and Guidelines on Human Rights and Trafficking, E/2002/68/Add.1 (2002).

WHO Ethical and Safety Recommendations for Interviewing Trafficked Women (2003).

OptionalProtocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography,

G.A. Res. 54/263, Annex II, 54 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 6, U.N. Doc. A/54/49, Vol. III (2000), entered into force January 18, 2002.

Arabic || Japanese || Russian || Spanish

Ratification information

U.S. Department of State, Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000: Trafficking in Persons Report (2001).

The Miami Declaration of Principles on Human Trafficking

(Feb. 10, 2005), 1 Intercultural Human Rights L. Rev. 11 (2006).

Links to other Trafficking Resources

Rights of Prisoners and Detainees

Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, adopted Aug. 30, 1955, by the First United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, U.N. Doc. A/CONF/611, annex I, E.S.C. res. 663C, 24 U.N. ESCOR Supp. (No. 1) at 11, U.N. Doc. E/3048 (1957), amended E.S.C. res. 2076, 62 U.N. ESCOR Supp. (No. 1) at 35, U.N. Doc. E/5988 (1977). Arabic \|\| Chinese \|\| French \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish
Basic Principles for the Treatment of Prisoners, G.A. res. 45/111, annex, 45 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49A) at 200, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (1990). Arabic \|\| Chinese \|\| French \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish
Body of Principles for the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment, G.A. res. 43/173, annex, 43 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 298, U.N. Doc. A/43/49 (1988). Arabic \|\| Chinese \|\| French \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish

Protection From Torture, Ill-Treatment and Disappearance

Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment,

G.A. res. 39/46, annex, 39 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 51) at 197, U.N. Doc. A/39/51 (1984), entered into force June 26, 1987.

Arabic || Japanese || Russian || Spanish || Chinese || Korean

Ratification information

Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment,

G.A. res. 3452 (XXX), annex, 30 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 34) at 91, U.N. Doc. A/10034 (1975).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment,

G.A. res. A/RES/57/199, entered into force June 22, 2006 [reprinted in 42 I.L.M. 26 (2003)].

Ratification information

Draft Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, E/CN.4/2002/WG.11 /CRP. 1 (2002).

Principles of Medical Ethics relevant to the Role of Health Personnel, particularly Physicians, in the Protection of Prisoners and Detainees against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment,

G.A. res. 37/194, annex, 37 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 51) at 211, U.N. Doc. A/37/51 (1982).

Arabic || French || Russian || Spanish

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance,

G.A. res. 61/177, U.N. Doc. A/RES/61/177 (2006), adopted Dec. 20, 2006.

[PDF]

Ratification information

Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearances,

G.A. res. 47/133, 47 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 207, U.N. Doc. A/47/49 (1992).

Arabic || French || Russian || Spanish

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, Human Rights Council, Report to the General Assembly on the First Session of the Human Rights Council,

at 32, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/1/L.10 (2006).

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance,

E/CN.4/2005/WG.22/WP.1/Rev.4 (2005).

Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials,

G.A. res. 34/169, annex, 34 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 46) at 186, U.N. Doc. A/34/46 (1979).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment,

E.T.S. 126, entered into force Feb. 1, 1989.

French || Russian

Ratification information

Protocol No. 1 to the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment

(ETS No. 151).

French || Russian

Ratification information

Protocol No. 2 to the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment

(ETS No. 152).

French || Russian

Ratification information

Inter-American Convention to Prevent and Punish Torture,

O.A.S. Treaty Series No. 67, entered into force Feb. 28, 1987, reprinted in Basic Documents Pertaining to Human Rights in the Inter-American System, OEA/Ser.L.V/II.82 doc. 6 rev.1 at 83, 25 I.L.M. 519 (1992).

French || Spanish

Informacion acerca de la ratificacion

Inter-American Convention on Forced Disappearance of Persons,

33 I.L.M.1429 (1994), entered into force March 28, 1996.

Spanish

Organisation of African Unity, Guidelines and Measures for the Prohibition and the Prevention of Torture, Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment in Africa,

Robben Island Guidelines ( 2002).

Human Rights in the Administration of Justice

Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials,

G.A. res. 34/169, annex, 34 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 46) at 186, U.N. Doc. A/34/46 (1979).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials,

Eighth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Havana, 27 August to 7 September 1990, U.N. Doc. A/CONF.144/28/Rev.1 at 112 (1990).

Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers,

Eighth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Havana, 27 August to 7 September 1990, U.N. Doc. A/CONF.144/28/Rev.1 at 118 (1990).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors,

Eighth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Havana, 27 August to 7 September 1990, U.N. Doc. A/CONF.144/28/Rev.1 at 189 (1990).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary,

Seventh United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Milan, 26 August to 6 September 1985, U.N. Doc. A/CONF.121/22/Rev.1 at 59 (1985).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures (The Tokyo Rules),

G.A. res. 45/110, annex, 45 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49A) at 197, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (1990).

Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Principles on the Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-Legal, Arbitrary and Summary Executions,

E.S.C. res. 1989/65, annex, 1989 U.N. ESCOR Supp. (No. 1) at 52, U.N. Doc. E/1989/89 (1989).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

United Nations Manual on the Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-Legal, Arbitrary and Summary Executions, U.N. Doc. E/ST/CSDHA/.12 (1991).

Arabic Part I. Part II. Part III.

Safeguards Guaranteeing Protection of the Rights of Those Facing the Death Penalty,

E.S.C. res. 1984/50, annex, 1984 U.N. ESCOR Supp. (No. 1) at 33, U.N. Doc. E/1984/84 (1984).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power,

G.A. res. 40/34, annex, 40 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 53) at 214, U.N. Doc. A/40/53 (1985).

Arabic || Chinese || French || Russian || Spanish

United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime,

G.A. Res. 25, annex I, U.N. GAOR, 55th Sess., Supp. No. 49, at 44, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol. I) (2001), entered into force Sept. 29, 2003.

French || Spanish || Ratification information

Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime,

G.A. Res. 25, annex II, U.N. GAOR, 55th Sess., Supp. No. 49, at 60, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol. I) (2001), entered into force Sept. 9, 2003.

French || Spanish

Ratification information

Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, Supplementing the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Crime,

G.A. res. 55/25, annex III, 55 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49) at 65, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (Vol. I) (2001), entered into force Jan. 28, 2004.

French || Spanish

Ratification information

Model Treaty on Extradition,

G.A. res. 45/116, annex, 45 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49A) at 212, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (1990).

Arabic

Model Treaty on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters,

G.A. res. 45/117, annex, 45 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49A) at 215, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (1990).

Arabic || Spanish

Basic Priciples on the use of restorative justice programmes in criminal matters,

ECOSOC Res. 2000/14, U.N. Doc. E/2000/INF/2/Add.2 at 35 (2000).

Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law,

G.A. Res. 60/147, U.N. Doc. A/RES/60/147 (Dec. 16, 2005).

French || Spanish

Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law,

C.H.R. res. 2005/35, U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/2005/ L.10/Add.11 (19 April 2005).

Prevention of Human Rights Violations Committed with Small Arms and Light Weapons, endorsed Sub-Com. Res. 2006/22,

U.N. Doc A/HRC/Sub.1/58/L.11/Add.1 at 3 (2006) (Small Arms Principles).

Draft Principles Governing the Administration of Justice Through Military Tribunals,

U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/2006/58 at 4 (2006).

[PDF]

African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Fair Trial and Legal Assistance in Africa, DOC/OS(XXX) 247, reprinted in 12 Int’l Hum. Rts. Rep. 1180 (2005).

Juvenile Offenders

United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty, G.A. res. 45/113, annex, 45 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49A) at 205, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (1990). Arabic \|\| Chinese \|\| French \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish
United Nations Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (The Riyadh Guidelines), G.A. res. 45/112, annex, 45 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 49A) at 201, U.N. Doc. A/45/49 (1990). Chinese \|\| French \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish
United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (The Beijing Rules), G.A. res. 40/33, annex, 40 U.N. GAOR Supp. (No. 53) at 207, U.N. Doc. A/40/53 (1985). Chinese \|\| French \|\| Russian \|\| Spanish